Throughout history, societies have celebrated various events, often commemorating pivotal moments that shaped their nations. However, as societal values evolve, some triumphs face scrutiny and criticism. Here are 14 historical events that, while celebrated in the past, would likely spark controversy if they were to occur today.

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Columbus Day

Once hailed as the monumental discovery of the Americas, Columbus Day now faces scrutiny due to the devastating consequences inflicted upon Indigenous populations and their rich cultures. Celebrating Christopher Columbus’s arrival perpetuates a narrative that ignores the violence, exploitation, and colonization that ensued, leading to the decimation of Indigenous communities and the erasure of their histories.

Thanksgiving

While Thanksgiving is commonly associated with expressions of gratitude and family gatherings, its origins are rooted in a complex history of colonization, displacement, and violence against Native American peoples. The traditional narrative of peaceful cooperation between Pilgrims and Indigenous communities overlooks the reality of massacres, land theft, and forced assimilation that followed European arrival.

Independence Day

Independence Day commemorates America’s liberation from British rule and the founding principles of freedom and democracy. However, the celebration also symbolizes the beginning of a nation built upon the exploitation and enslavement of Africans and the displacement and genocide of Indigenous peoples.

Manifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny was a 19th-century belief that American settlers were destined to expand across the continent, spreading democracy and civilization from coast to coast. While celebrated as a symbol of American exceptionalism and progress, Manifest Destiny justified the violent displacement and extermination of Indigenous peoples and the annexation of Mexican territories.

The Louisiana Purchase

The Louisiana Purchase, hailed as one of the most significant land acquisitions in American history, effectively doubled the United States’ size. However, the purchase also disregarded the sovereignty and land rights of Indigenous peoples who inhabited the region for centuries. Native American tribes were thrown out of their ancestral homes to make way for white settlers, leading to displacement, violence, and cultural erasure.

The Emancipation Proclamation

President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation during the Civil War, which gave enslaved people freedom in Confederate states. While a significant step towards abolishing slavery, the proclamation had limitations and did not immediately grant freedom to all enslaved individuals. Furthermore, it did not address the systemic racism and discrimination that persisted long after the Civil War ended.

The Homestead Act

The Homestead Act of 1862 was initiated to encourage westward expansion and settlement by offering homesteaders 160 acres of public land. While celebrated for promoting land ownership and economic opportunity, the act had devastating consequences for Native American tribes who were forcibly displaced from their traditional territories. Many Indigenous peoples were denied access to their ancestral lands and faced violence and discrimination at the hands of white settlers.

Women’s Suffrage

The women’s suffrage movement passed the 19th Amendment in 1920, which provided women the right to vote after decades of struggle and activism. While celebrated as a landmark achievement for gender equality, the movement often marginalized women of color and failed to address the intersecting barriers faced by minority women. African American women, in particular, faced discrimination and exclusion within the suffrage movement, highlighting the complexities of achieving equality for all women.

The Moon Landing

NASA’s Apollo 11 mission in 1969 achieved the moon landing, marking a historic moment in human exploration and technological achievement. However, the mission also raised questions about the allocation of resources and priorities at a time of social and economic turmoil. Critics argued that the billions spent on the space race could have been better invested in addressing important issues like poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation.

The Civil Rights Movement

The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s was pivotal in American history, leading to landmark legislation and social change. However, the struggle for racial equality continues today, highlighting the persistence of systemic racism and discrimination. While the Civil Rights Movement achieved significant victories such as desegregation and voting rights, it also faced violence, repression, and backlash from white supremacist groups.

The Vietnam War

The Vietnam War, fought from 1955 to 1975, was a profoundly divisive conflict that cost the lives of millions of people and left lasting scars on American society. Once portrayed as a necessary defense against communism, the war is now viewed through a lens of imperialism, unnecessary bloodshed, and the exploitation of young soldiers.

The Cold War

The Cold War, a geopolitical rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union, led global politics for much of the 20th century. While celebrated as a victory for democracy over communism, the Cold War also perpetuated fear, paranoia, and militarization, leading to conflicts and human rights abuses around the world. The arms race and nuclear brinkmanship of the Cold War era posed existential threats to humanity and strained international relations.

The Space Race

The Space Race, a race between the United States and the Soviet Union to achieve landmarks in space exploration, captured the world’s imagination during the Cold War era. While celebrated as a symbol of technological prowess and national pride, the Space Race also raised questions about the ethics of space exploration and the allocation of resources. Critics argued that the billions spent on space missions could have been better invested in addressing pressing social and environmental issues.

The Fall of the Berlin Wall

The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 symbolized the end of decades of division between East and West Germany and the collapse of the Soviet Union’s control over Eastern Europe. While celebrated as the triumph of democracy and freedom, the event also ushered in an era of globalization and neoliberalism. Critics argue that dismantling barriers between nations has led to economic inequality, social upheaval, and the erosion of cultural identities.